https://mallhistory.org/files/original/f3f99c25ba34c4da8cced24ba0df10dc.jpg 18068f36283c48e55ef1c03cad862fd7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Detail of National Museum Building Committee, 1880 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Smithsonian Institution Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1880 People An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc. Birth Date 07/14/1825 Birthplace Heilbronn, Germany Death Date 07/25/1905 Occupation Architect Biographical Text <p>Adolf Cluss came from a family of master builders in Heilbronn, Germany. Cluss left Heilbronn as a young man, working first as an itinerant carpenter and then as a junior draftsman on a railroad in Europe. His work on the railroad heightened his interest in workers’ rights.</p> <p>He met Karl Marx in the 1840s, and joined the early Communist movement. In spring of 1848, he became an important figure in the German revolutionary movement as a co-founder and secretary of the Workers' Council. Following the failure of the movement, Cluss emigrated to America along with many other revolutionary Germans. He settled in Washington, DC, remaining in contact with Marx, Friedrich Engels, and the Communist movement until the late 1850s. In 1859, he married Rosa Schmidt of Baltimore, with whom he had three daughters.</p> <p>Adolf Cluss worked in the US first as an engineer for the Navy and then in Washington as an architect. Beginning in the 1860's Cluss designed schools, museums, office buildings, private homes, and market halls. His work included schools for African Americans and women at a time when Washington institutions were segregated by race and gender.</p> <p>In the 1870s, Cluss served as Chief Engineer for the City of Washington and as a member of the Board of Public Works. He contributed to the intricate process of covering over Tiber Creek. By the 1890s, Washington was full of buildings designed by Cluss, although only a few remain standing today.</p> First Name for nav purposes Adolf Last Name for nav purposes Cluss Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Adolf Cluss Description An account of the resource In the late 1800s, Adolf Cluss designed four buildings on the National Mall, only one of which still stands today. In 1870, he designed the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/32">Center Market</a>. He also designed conservatories for the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/444">Department of Agriculture</a> and the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/37">Army Medical Museum </a>that stood on the south side of the Mall near what is now <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/312">Independence Avenu</a>e. The surviving Cluss building on the Mall is the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/56">Arts and Industries Building</a>, next to the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/52">Smithsonian Castle</a>, which Cluss designed with partner Paul Schulze to be a National Museum and house the Smithsonian collections after the Institution outgrew the space in the Castle. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Smithsonian Institution Archives. <a href="http://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_10294">View original photograph</a>. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1830-1859 1860-1889 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Adolf Cluss