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              <text>no sound.</text>
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              <text>17 s.</text>
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                <text>Woodrow Wilson's Sheep</text>
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                <text>During World War I, President Woodrow Wilson had flocks of sheep on the White House lawn. Although previous presidents had kept farm animals as pets, these sheep were part of a Presidential initiative to support the war effort. The sheep grazed on lawns as a way of lowering groundskeeping costs. When the sheep were sheared, their wool was auctioned off to help raise money for the Red Cross, totaling $52,823 by the end of the war. </text>
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                <text>National Archives, via Woodrow Wilson Presidential Library. &lt;a href="http://youtu.be/n6nhqFIIGR4"&gt;View original&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Buffalo behind Smithsonian Institution Building</text>
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                <text>These American bison, also known as buffalo, were part of the Smithsonian's &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/233"&gt;Department of Living Animals&lt;/a&gt;. The Department was started by chief taxidermist &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/234"&gt;William T. Hornaday&lt;/a&gt;, who was a spokesman for the conservation movement and very concerned about the possible extinction of American bison. The bison formed part of a collection of wild North American animals in a small sort of zoo in the yard behind the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/52"&gt;Smithsonian Castle&lt;/a&gt; in the late 1880s and early 1890s, before the establishment of the National Zoo.</text>
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                <text>Smithsonian Institution Archives. &lt;a href="http://siris-sihistory.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&amp;amp;profile=all&amp;amp;source=~!sichronology&amp;amp;uri=full=3100001~!9175~!0#focus"&gt;View original&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>This photograph was taken around 1890, when the Mall was landscaped according to a &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/356"&gt;design by Andrew Jackson Downing&lt;/a&gt;. Rather than the wide open lawn edged with trees we see today, this section of the Mall was covered in small evergreens with a winding path. This deer may have been wild, enjoying a forested spot in the city, or part of the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/233"&gt;Smithsonian's Department of Living Animals&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Smithsonian Institution Archives.&lt;a href="http://siris-sihistory.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&amp;amp;profile=all&amp;amp;source=~!sichronology&amp;amp;uri=full=3100001~!10760~!0#focus"&gt; View original&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                    <text>Map of the city of Washington showing present main sewerage and sewage outfalls : also the territory flooded in June 1889 (detail)</text>
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                <text>The same storm system which contributed to the Johnstown Flood in June 1889 also caused &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/453"&gt;flooding in Washington, DC&lt;/a&gt;. This map detail shows the extent to which the flooding affected the National Mall. The dark blue lines show the edges of the flooding; everything with blue hatching was underwater. Most of the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/36"&gt;Washington Monument &lt;/a&gt;grounds, half of the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/315"&gt;White House Ellipse&lt;/a&gt;, and an area near the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/59"&gt;Capitol &lt;/a&gt;were all under water. The path of the flooding follows the creek bed of &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/40"&gt;Tiber Creek&lt;/a&gt;, which was filled in during the 1870s.</text>
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                <text>Library of Congress Geography and Map Division.</text>
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                <text>A view of the Lockkeeper's House</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;The &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/4"&gt;&lt;span&gt;lockkeeper's house&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt; at 17th Street and Constitution Avenue is a reminder that canals once flowed through Washington, DC. Between 1835 and 1855, a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/266"&gt;&lt;span&gt;lockkeeper served the lock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt; that connected the Washington branch of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal to the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/41"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Washington City Canal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;, which ran parallel to the National Mall, where Constitution Avenue is today. At that time, the Potomac River extended nearly to the base of the Washington Monument and a wharf stood on the south side of the Lockkeeper's House. The National Park Service took over the site at the beginning of the 1900s.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. &lt;a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/dc0170/"&gt;View original.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>1830-1859</text>
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                <text>This 1860s photograph shows the Capitol dome under construction, with the Botanical Gardens and canal in foreground. In the 1860s, the Capitol dome was not yet complete. The city's canal system connected the Anacostia River to the Potomac by flowing west from the Anacostia along the Mall, emptying into the Potomac. The mucky, watery landscape added to the impression that the Mall was built on a swamp.</text>
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                <text>Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. &lt;a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2009631499/"&gt;View original.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>PLAN OF THE MALL, with the adjoining Streets and Avenues; the relative position of the Capitol, President's House, and other Public Buildings: and particularly the improvement of that part of the Mall situated between 7th and 12 Streets; with a view of a Botanic Garden, connects with the establishment of the Smithsonian Institution, proposed to be in charge of the National Institution for the promotion of Science.</text>
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                <text>This map shows a plan for the National Mall which featured gardens, parks, winding paths, and the existing canal. Before the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/206"&gt;McMillan Commission's proposed redesign&lt;/a&gt; of the Mall in 1902, the space was much more pastoral in look and feel.</text>
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                <text>National Archives at College Park. &lt;a href="http://research.archives.gov/description/6087995"&gt;View original&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Lithograph, color</text>
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          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
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              <text>Original 50.5 x 70 cm. (image with accompanying text)</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>View of Washington drawn from nature and on stone</text>
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                <text>This bird's-eye view of Washington, DC faces west with the US Capitol in the foreground. Canals and other waterways intersecting the National Mall are visible to the left of tree-lined Pennsylvania Avenue, then the capital's ceremonial thoroughfare, and between the Capitol and the Washington Monument. They provided transportation for commerce and brought needed food and retail supplies to the District, connecting the Eastern Branch, the Potomac, and the Chesapeake &amp;amp; Ohio Canal. Note that the Mall extended only as far as the Washington Monument until the early 1900s.</text>
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                <text>E. Sachse &amp; Co.</text>
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                <text>Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, &lt;a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/98515951/"&gt;View original.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Baltimore, MD: E. Sachse  &amp; Co, </text>
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          <element elementId="38">
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <name>Width</name>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This ticket is one from a collection of 20 lottery tickets of the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/41"&gt;Washington City Canal&lt;/a&gt; lottery "for cutting the canal, through the City of Washington to the Eastern Branch harbour." Eight tickets are signed by Notley Young, four by Daniel Carroll, both of whom were &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/94"&gt;original proprietors&lt;/a&gt; of land sold to create the District of Columbia and sections of the National Mall.</text>
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                <text>Library of Congress, Rare Book and Special Collections Division. &lt;a href="http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/AMALL:@field%28NUMBER+@band%28rbpe+1900030a%29%29"&gt;View original&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Map of Notley Young's  Plantation</text>
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                <text>Notley Young's plantation bordering the Potomac was among the lands appropriated for the city of Washington and its public buildings. These site plans show the plantation's original grounds, buildings, slave quarters, overseer's house, gardens, water features, fence lines, and graveyards. Notley Young conveyed eight squares of land from his property for the federal city. The south side of the Mall, in part, incorporates tracts from the Notley Young plantation.</text>
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                <text>Library of Congress Geography and Map Division. &lt;a href="http://www.loc.gov/item/88693255"&gt;View original.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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