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                <text>Congressional Pages work and play on the Mall</text>
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                <text>These young Pages participate in a snowball fight on the Capitol grounds. The Congressional Page program began during the 20th Congress (1827-1829). In the early 1900s, Pages, also called messengers, were generally local Washington children, many of whom were either orphaned or destitute.</text>
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                <text>Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. &lt;a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/npco/item/91786800/"&gt;View original&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>1909-1932</text>
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              <text>The band played "Auld Lang Syne" and the walls of the 52-year-old Navy-Munitions buildings between the Reflecting Pool and Constitution Avenue NW finally came tumbling down yesterday. &#13;
&#13;
As dignitaries and the press watched, an elaborate ceremony marked the beginning of the end of the last unsightly World War I-vintage "temporary" buildings that stood amidst trees and monuments on the Mall. &#13;
&#13;
Franklin D. Roosevelt, as under secretary of the Navy, had approved construction of the buildings there, which took just six months in 1917 and 1918. He later publicly regretted his choice, as have Washingtonians and tourists ever since….&#13;
&#13;
.... the 20-man ceremonial unit of the Navy Band played, "Won't you come home, Bill Bailey, won't you come home?" as white-gloved policemen stood watch on the crowd of military brass, civilian employees and construction workers.</text>
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                <text>Last 'Tempos' Fall in Style: Wrecker's Ball Set to Music</text>
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                <text>Although most of the office buildings constructed on the Mall to house &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/403"&gt;war department offices during World War I&lt;/a&gt; and&lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/58"&gt; II &lt;/a&gt;had been removed by the 1960s, &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/57"&gt;a row of buildings from 1918&lt;/a&gt; still stood in the space between &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/311"&gt;Constitution Avenue&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/23"&gt;Reflecting Pool&lt;/a&gt;. In 1969 President Nixon ordered these buildings demolished, to be replaced with parkland more in keeping with the rest of the Mall. On July 15, 1970, Naval officers and government officials held a demolition ceremony, watching as the wrecking ball took its first swing at the walls. By December, the buildings were gone.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Washington Post&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>07/16/1970</text>
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                <text>1950-1979</text>
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        <name>design &amp; monuments</name>
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              <text>19570517</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom</text>
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                <text>Held in the spring of 1957, the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom was organized by the newly formed &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/73"&gt;Southern Leaders Conference &lt;/a&gt;(later known as the Southern Christian Leadership Coalition or SCLC). 25,000 demonstrators attended the event at the Lincoln Memorial, urging the Eisenhower administration to push for compliance with Brown v. Board of Education's school integration. &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/90"&gt;Martin Luther King Jr&lt;/a&gt;. gave the keynote speech at this event, which reinforced his role as a new key leader in the civil rights movement.</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10974">
                <text>Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. &lt;a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/00651350/"&gt;View original&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>05/17/1957</text>
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                <text>1950-1979</text>
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        <name>civil rights</name>
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      <name>Place</name>
      <description>Important spaces on the mall (See the "Places" writeboard in basecamp.)</description>
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          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <text>Museums</text>
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          <name>Physical Description</name>
          <description>Text describing the appearance of the place and its situation on the Mall.</description>
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              <text>Built with the same Tennessee marble as the National Gallery of Art which it faces, the Air and Space Museum has a very different feel. Designed in the late 20th Century Modern style, the museum focuses on balance of symmetry. The most prominent architectural feature is its large glass windows, which are used to bring the sky into the museum and to make a few of the objects visible from outside on the Mall. These walls also serve a functional purpose, with the west wall opening to allow planes being exhibited to be moved.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>National Air and Space Museum</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The National Air and Space Museum holds the world's largest collection of historic aircraft and spacecraft. A second location in Chantilly, Virginia, opened in 2003 to display even more items from its collection, including the Space Shuttle &lt;em&gt;Discovery&lt;/em&gt;. Some of the museum's popular artifacts include the original Wright brothers' 1903 flyer, Charles Lindbergh's "Spirit of St. Louis," the Apollo 11 command module, and a moon rock that visitors can touch.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Gyo Obata</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11142">
                <text>Smithsonian Institution Archive. &lt;a href="http://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_8716"&gt;View original&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1976 (opened)</text>
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                <text>1950-1979</text>
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          <name>Physical Description</name>
          <description>Text describing the appearance of the place and its situation on the Mall.</description>
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              <text>The statue is made of marble and granite, and is in total almost 18 feet tall. Meade is flanked by a male figure representing Loyalty and a female figure representing Chivalry; these two are removing the cloak of battle from his shoulders. The other figures on the memorial are Fame and Energy beside Loyalty, and Progress and Military Courage beside Chivalry. Directly opposite Meade is a figure of War. The memorial is topped with the state seal of Pennsylvania.</text>
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          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <text>Statues and Sculpture</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>George Meade Memorial</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The creation of a memorial to &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/351"&gt;Civil War&lt;/a&gt; Union General George Meade was first proposed by the Pennsylvania legislature in 1911. Congress approved the memorial in 1915, but conflicts between the Pennsylvania Meade Memorial Commission and the Washington Commission of Fine Arts delayed the construction of the statue. In March of 1922, President Harding attended the groundbreaking and the memorial was dedicated in 1927. When construction began on the I-395 underpass in the late 1960s, the statue was removed. In 1983, it was finally placed in its present location outside the Federal Courthouse.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Charles Grafly</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1969 (Removed)</text>
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                <text>1983 (Installed in new location)</text>
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                <text>1920-1949</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="22808">
                <text>Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. &lt;a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/npc2007018230/"&gt;View original&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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              <text>jpg. map.</text>
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              <text>800 x 398 px..</text>
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                <text>Colton Atlas, 1855, showing former sites of slave trade bordering the National Mall</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/475"&gt;Slave trading&lt;/a&gt; establishments in Washington, DC are superimposed on this 1855 Atlas of Washington, DC to show the locations of a few of the many slave trading establishments in the city. Businesses flourished on the Mall's borders including slave traders who operated from hotels, auction houses, and taverns until the trade was abolished in the District of Columbia in 1850. South of the Mall, &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/45"&gt;the Yellow House&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/46"&gt;Robey's&lt;/a&gt; were notoriously cruel slave pens. North of the Mall, sales at auction houses flourished, promoted in local newspaper advertisements.</text>
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                <text>G. W. Colton</text>
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                <text>David Rumsey Map Collection. &lt;a href="http://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/s/bnh397"&gt;View original&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>On the afternoon of August 23, 2011, a &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/189"&gt;5.8 magnitude earthquake&lt;/a&gt; occurred in Mineral, Virginia which was felt as far away as New York state. In Washington, DC the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/36"&gt;Washington Monument&lt;/a&gt; swayed from the force of the earthquake. Visitors were evacuated by Park Rangers, as this video shows. Afterwards, several crack were discovered in the structure of the monument, and the elevator system was damaged. Four days after the earthquake, a hurricane passed through the city, adding water damage through the cracks to the damage from the earthquake. As a result, the Monument was closed until May 2014.</text>
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                <text>National Park Service. &lt;a href="http://www.nps.gov/wamo/photosmultimedia/videos.htm"&gt;View original&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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              <text>image of canal gates, Washington City Canal</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/80"&gt;Henry Latrobe&lt;/a&gt;, an architect of the US Capitol, was also the chief engineer of the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/41"&gt;Washington City Canal&lt;/a&gt;. He prepared drawings of the canal locks in 1810, before &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/317"&gt;construction began&lt;/a&gt;. The Canal was about one mile long and passed in front of the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/59"&gt;Capitol&lt;/a&gt;. According to Latrobe's early drawings, the canal lock located at 17th and Constitution Avenue was likely a vertical sluice gate. The &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/257"&gt;lockkeeper&lt;/a&gt; would manually raise and lower the gate to control the flow of water in the canal.</text>
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                <text>Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. &lt;a title="washington canal lock diagram" href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/cph/item/2001698968/"&gt;View original.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>1810</text>
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                <text>Paddles the Beaver</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>In the late 1990s, beavers threatened the cherry trees at the Tidal Basin, gnawing on the trunks and killing at least five trees. The National Park Service had to find a way to preserve the trees without harming the beavers. They placed protective cages, tall enough to keep out a large beaver, around the bases of the cherry trees. In addition, they made these furry residents of the Tidal Basin part of the Cherry Blossom Festival. Paddles the Beaver is the official mascot of the Festival and appears on signs reminding visitors not to pick blossoms or climb the trees. </text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>National Park Service</text>
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                <text>2000-present</text>
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        <src>https://mallhistory.org/files/original/3a8e4a8ac20ac453c378a824a8000bd6.jpg</src>
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              <text>&lt;p class="p1"&gt;Thursday 10 of AM&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="p1"&gt;Sir&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="p1"&gt;I send by the bearer a small box containing pecans which was committed to my dearest by Gov. Claibourne, also a bow and quiver of arrows which are the offensive weapons of the Appaches, a nation of savages who formerly extended from the entrance of the Rio del Norte, on the Atlantic to the Gulf of California and who were the Great ballancing nation of the I. clans, but from continual struggle with the Spaniards, are now reduced to Seven hundred men, but still continue to keep the frontiers of four provinces in alarms and give employ to two or three thousand dragoons They neither give nor receive quarter from the Spaniards.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="p1"&gt;I had collected a Variety of curiosities of various Savage tribes through which we passed; skins of different beasts and birds of a new species (to me) also various samples of the Industry and advancement of the Arts amongst the Spanish missions or civilized Indians but owing to the extensive &amp;amp; rapid journey which we made by land through the Spanish Country and the division of my party, the principal part were lost or remained behind, but I yet expect some to be forwarded Via New Orleans. There was shipped from New Orleans, for your Excellency in the Brig Neptune Capt. Sheppeard Master, bound to Baltimore a pair of Grisly Bears (mail &amp;amp; femail) which I bought from the dividing ridges of the Pacific &amp;amp; Atlantic Oceans. They are certainly of a different species from any Bears we had in the Antient limits of the United States; and are considered by the natives of that country as the most ferocious Animals of the Continent.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="p1"&gt;I am Sir with Huge Respect&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="p1"&gt;Your obt servt&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="p1"&gt;Zebulon Pike Capt.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="p1"&gt;His Excy&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="p1"&gt;Thomas Jefferson Esq&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="p1"&gt;Prest U States&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Zebulon Pike to Thomas Jefferson, October 29, 1807</text>
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                <text>Among the items Captain Zebulon Pike sent to President Thomas Jefferson from the western United States was a pair of grizzly bear cubs. Jefferson kept them in a garden on the south side of the &lt;a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/66"&gt;White House&lt;/a&gt; for a short time before sending the animals to a museum in Philadelphia.</text>
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                <text>Thomas Jefferson (recipient)</text>
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                <text>Library of Congress. &lt;a href="http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mtj.mtjbib017832"&gt;View original&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
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                <text>Public Domain</text>
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