https://mallhistory.org/files/original/add21f55b9bc9af11a42f85a6666a30f.gif 20a083568161589b244ea07eb1eb5cf2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived National Archives at College Park - Still Pictures (RD-DC-S), National Archives at College Park Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 542064 People An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc. Birth Date 04/15/1889 Birthplace Crescent City, Florida Death Date 05/16/1979 Occupation Activist Biographical Text Asa Philip Randolph was born in Crescent City, Florida, the son of an American Methodist Episcopal minister. His parents stressed the importance of receiving a good education, and both Randolph and his brother attended the Cookman Institute, a prominent African-American high school. He moved to New York City in 1911, where he enrolled in night classes to further his education while working. In 1913, he married Lucille Campbell Green, a graduate of Howard University who owned a beauty salon. Her business income supported his social activism. In New York, Randolph encountered socialist thought and soon joined the International Workers of the World. He saw organized labor and the principles of socialism as a way of facilitating the progress of rights for African Americans. Along with his friend and colleague Chandler Owen, Randolph began to publish the Messenger, a magazine which argued against lynching and World War I, and promoted racial integration and unionization. In 1925, Randolph helped to found the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, a union for African American men who worked on railcars; both Randolph and the union he headed would become key figures in the civil rights movement of the mid 20th century. As the United States entered World War II, Randolph and other African American labor advocates grew concerned about discrimination in federal defense jobs. Randolph spearheaded the planning effort for a <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/329">protest march</a> in Washington. Despite pressure from the White House, the activists refused to back down, and the march was only cancelled when President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/328">Executive Order 8802</a> which banned racial discrimination in defense contract work. In the 1950s and 1960, Randolph continued to advocate for labor rights and an end to racial discrimination. Working closely with other activists such as <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/126">Bayard Rustin</a> and <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/90">Martin Luther King Jr.</a>, Randolph served among the leaders of major civil rights movements throughout the country. He lobbied for racial equality behind-the-scenes and through public demonstrations and protests, including the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/270">1958 Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom</a> and the famous <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/190">1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.</a> He retired in the late 1960s due to ill health. First Name for nav purposes A. Philip Last Name for nav purposes Randolph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A. Philip Randolph Description An account of the resource Civil rights leader and labor organizer A. Philip Randolph built coalitions of African Americans who pressured presidents, Congress, and local governments to end racial discrimination. In 1941, he organized a proposed <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/329">march on Washington</a> by African Americans to demand an end to racial discrimination in defense industries and the US military, and to ban lynching. Randolph cancelled the march after President Franklin Roosevelt signed <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/328">Executive Order 8802</a> establishing the first Fair Employment Practices Committee, effectively banning racial discrimination in defense-related industries in 1941. Randolph continued fighting for equality and marched with other civil rights leaders in Washington in 1963. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1920-1949 1950-1979 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived National Archives at College Park - Still Pictures. <a href="http://research.archives.gov/description/542064">View original photograph.</a> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource A. Philip Randolph politics & protest