1
10
4
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https://mallhistory.org/files/original/851de0d2fc26da0d260283a9706d5381.tif
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Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Width
417
Height
563
People
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
First Name
for nav purposes
Solomon
Last Name
for nav purposes
Northup
Birth Date
1808
Birthplace
Minerva, Essex County, New York
Death Date
1863
Occupation
Author
Biographical Text
Northrup was free African American farmer and musician from New York state. He was married with children at the time of his kidnapping in Washington, DC. <br /><br />Following the restoration of his freedom in 1853, he wrote an account of his experience, titled <em>Twelve Years a Slave</em>, published that same year. This drawing of him during his captivity as a slave was one of the illustrations in that memoir.<br /><br />Although he filed suit against the men who kidnapped him, District of Columbia law did not allow African Americans to testify in court, and he lost the case.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Solomon Northup
Description
An account of the resource
Solomon Northrup, a free African American from New York, arrived in Washington in 1841 in the company of two white men who had promised him a job as a fiddler. After a day touring the Capitol and White House Grounds, the men drugged him and handed him over to a <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/267">slave trader</a>. He was imprisoned in<a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/45"> Williams' Slave Pen</a> near the Mall, and then sold into <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/475">slavery</a> for $1,000. He labored for twelve years on a cotton plantation until northern abolitionists, hearing of his plight, obtained his freedom through a series of legal battles in 1853.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<em>Twelve Years a Slave: Narrative of Solomon Northup</em> (London, 1853). <a title="Northup memoirs, e-book" href="http://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/northup/northup.html">View original document.</a>
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1830-1859
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Solomon Northup
commerce & trade
ghost mall
politics & protest
-
https://mallhistory.org/files/original/3192428ec8034a78209c36461f531da4.gif
2229480bc6bf08915a2b1cf2d430d34f
People
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
10/23/1756
Birthplace
Cambridge, England
Death Date
07/31/1834
Occupation
Author
Business
Biographical Text
<p class="p1">Thomas Law was born in England to a prosperous family. His father was the Bishop of Carlisle and one of his brothers was made a Baron. When he was 17, he traveled to India to work as a clerk for the East India Company. He rose through the company and developed an interest in taxation and the ways in which it can be used to benefit both individuals and the government. He returned to England in 1791 due to health problems.</p>
<p class="p1">In 1794, Law moved to the United States, partly due to his frustration over a dispute with the East India Company. He arrived in New York but quickly moved to Virginia. Two years after he arrived, he married Elizabeth Parke Custis, <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/152">George Washington's</a> step-granddaughter. The couple separated in 1804 and divorced in 1810.</p>
<p class="p1">Law used much of the fortune he had made in India to buy land and houses in the new federal city of Washington. He advocated for the construction of a canal from the Anacostia River to the Potomac following Goose Creek, authoring a pamphlet in 1804 which argued that the canal would bring trade to the young city. The Englishman also supported the arts in Washington, helping establish the first theatre and a dancing society. He died in 1834, having outlived all but two of his children.</p>
First Name
for nav purposes
Thomas
Last Name
for nav purposes
Law
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Thomas Law
Description
An account of the resource
Thomas Law was a wealthy Englishman who invested financially and ideologically in the development of the new city of Washington. In 1804 he wrote a pamphlet, published anonymously, proposing a canal from the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/424">Anacostia River to the Potomac</a> following <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/40">Goose Creek</a>, which he thought would encourage trade in the city. He was one of the incorporators of the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/41">Washington Canal</a> Company.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Papers of George Washington. <a href="http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/documents/george-washington-to-thomas-law/">View original image</a>.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Pre-1800s
1800-1829
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Thomas Law
commerce & trade
design & monuments
ghost mall
-
https://mallhistory.org/files/original/23b929da599d7724bdfba7685f5a99d2.png
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Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Width
402
Height
523
Bit Depth
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Screenshot from frontispiece of GoogleBooks edition of Hunt, Gailliard, ed. The First Forty Years of Washington Society: Portrayed by the Family Letters of Mrs. Samuel Harrison Smith (Margaret Bayard) from the Collection of her Grandson, J. Henley Smith. New York: Scribner, 1906.
People
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
02/20/1778
Birthplace
Pennsylvania
Death Date
06/07/1844
Biographical Text
<p>Margaret Bayard was born in Pennsylvania, the daughter of a revolutionary war officer. In addition to her seven siblings, her parents also raised her three orphaned cousins. Margaret and her sisters attended the Moravian School in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, where they learned German, arithmetic, and literature, in addition to embroidery and the other domestic skills usually taught to young women. In 1791, at the age of 13, Margaret went to live in New York City with one of her sisters and her brother-in-law, through whom she met New York intellectual elites.</p>
<p>In 1800, she married Samuel Harrison Smith, a newspaper writer and publisher who was friends with <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/301">Thomas Jefferson</a>, then president-elect. Shortly after the wedding the Smiths moved to Washington, DC, where at Jefferson's request Mr. Smith established a newspaper, the Daily Intelligencer. The Smiths were among the earliest long-term, year-round residents of the new national capital, and became part of its core social community. At her home in Washington, Margaret Bayard Smith entertained politicians, artists, authors, and journalists, of all political persuasions.</p>
<p>When she could, Smith spent time at her country house, Sidney, which although removed from the city was still within the boundaries of the District of Columbia. There, she had an attic room where she could read and write without the constant interruptions she experienced in the city. She wrote two novels published in the 1820s, as well as short stories, poems, and short non-fiction essays that were published in literary magazines and newspapers. Smith was also a prolific <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/363">diarist</a>, recording her thoughts in a series of commonplace books for most of her adult life. In addition to teaching her children, Smith gave basic lessons in reading, writing, and math to local children, including poor and African American children, and her servants. At one point her informal schoolroom served ten students. Her philanthropy extended beyond education; she helped establish an orphanage and school for girls in Washington.</p>
First Name
for nav purposes
Margaret
Last Name
for nav purposes
Smith
Occupation
Author
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Margaret Bayard Smith
Description
An account of the resource
Margaret Bayard Smith was a writer and a vital figure in the early social life of Washington, DC. Her letters and diaries provide some of the best descriptions of early Washington. <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/363">In 1837 she recorded what the Mall looked like when she and her husband moved to Capitol Hill in 1800</a>: "Between the foot of the hill and the broad Potomac extended a wide plain, through which the Tiber wound its way. The romantic beauty of this little stream was not then deformed by wharves or other works of art."
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Hunt, Gailliard, ed.<a> <em>The First Forty Years of Washington Society.</em></a> New York: Scribner, 1906. Quotation from page 10. <a href="https://archive.org/details/firstfortyyearso00smituoft">View original document</a>.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1800-1829
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Margaret Bayard Smith
everyday life
work & play
-
https://mallhistory.org/files/original/4762b1c05193e7e321f8cacba93fd049.jpg
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Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Width
148
Height
159
Bit Depth
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Channels
3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Andrew Jackson Downing
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
John Halpin
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1852
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
NPG.2004.23
People
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
10/31/1815
Birthplace
Newburgh, New York
Death Date
07/28/1852
Occupation
Landscape Designer
Author
Biographical Text
<p>Downing was born in Newburgh, New York in 1815. After finishing school at 16, Downing helped his brother manage the family business designing botanic gardens and nurseries. He developed an interest in landscape and domestic architecture, and began projects in his home town. Downing started writing articles on horticulture and landscape design for magazines.</p>
<p>In 1841 he published his first book, <em>A Treatise of the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening</em>, in which he advocated for an English, romantic-style design. He followed this with a book of designs of small and medium sized houses, <em>Cottage Residences</em>, published in 1842. More books followed, both his own and reworked editions of foreign books, all on the subjects of plants and domestic architecture. His books were extremely popular and influenced house and garden design throughout the United States. Beginning in 1846 he published a monthly magazine, in which he expressed his opinion on agricultural issues and design.</p>
<p>Downing was also an advocate for public parks, particularly in the new suburbs. He felt that they would encourage healthful recreation and provide a place for community activities.</p>
<p>Downing died at 36 in a fire caused by an explosion on a steamboat on which he was traveling.</p>
Bibliography
David Schuyler. "Downing, Andrew Jackson." In <em>American National Biography Online</em>. Oxford University Press, 2000.
First Name
for nav purposes
Andrew
Last Name
for nav purposes
Downing
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Andrew Jackson Downing
Description
An account of the resource
In 1850, President Millard Fillmore commissioned landscape architect, Andrew Jackson Downing to landscape the Mall. <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/356">His design divided the Mall into four smaller parks</a>, each with a unique appearance, <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/261">connected by curving walks</a>. Downing was an advocate for urban parks and hoped his design would inspire other cities to create large parks. He died suddenly at age 36 in a steamboat accident before the Mall's new landscape design was finished. A<a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/11"> memorial urn</a> in the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/431">gardens</a> outside of the Smithsonian Castle honors his contributions to the Mall's design history.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image from the National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1830-1859
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Andrew Jackson Downing
design & monuments