1
10
7
-
https://mallhistory.org/files/original/15784803e367f1fbd44f6654649bb8a7.jpg
fd152c36406a9d8de4975d1e67fc6903
People
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
First Name
for nav purposes
Jose
Last Name
for nav purposes
Rivera
Birth Date
September 18, 1904
Birthplace
Baton Rouge, Louisana
Death Date
March 12, 1985
Occupation
Artist
Biographical Text
Jose de Rivera was born Jose A. Ruiz in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He grew up near New Orleans on a sugar plantation where his father worked. de Rivera learned blacksmithing and machine work on the plantation, skills which he would later use to make art. After graduating high school in 1922, he moved to Chicago. There he worked during he day and took art classes at night. It was around this time that he changed his last name to his maternal grandmother’s maiden name. In 1926, he married Rose Covelli, and together they had a child.
In the early 1930s, de Rivera began creating sculpture and spent a year traveling in North Africa and Europe studying art. He then moved to New York City, where he established himself as an artist. By the late 1930s he was working for the Works Progress Administration’s Federal Art Project in the Sculpture Division, creating sculpture for public spaces. Among the pieces he produced for the Federal Art Project was Flight, an installation at the Newark Airport.
He served in the Army Air Corps during World War II, then returned to his art career. His first solo exhibition was in 1946 at the Mortimer Levitt gallery in New York City. In 1955, he divorced Rose Covelli and soon after married Lita J. Jeronimo. deRivera died in 1985 in New York City.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jose de Rivera
Description
An account of the resource
When the architect of the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/48">National Museum of History and Technology</a> wanted an outdoor sculpture designed for the new museum opening in the mid-1960s, he recommended artist Jose de Rivera. Rivera was an established sculptor known for his abstract forms, kinetic elements, and experience designing for public spaces. de Rivera created, "Infinity," which stands on the Mall side of the building now called the National Museum of American History. In 1997, following de Rivera's death, his son donated some of the tools used to create "Infinity" for the museum's collections.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1950-1979
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Archives of American Art. <a href="http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/images/detail/jose-de-rivera-2059">View original</a>.
-
https://mallhistory.org/files/original/1aac6bc4c14f71237dd5f1a3b35f58b4.jpg
e9c812982fc4c8c5e0646acf0fe9c799
People
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Last Name
for nav purposes
John Stevens Shop
Occupation
Artist
Biographical Text
The Shop was founded in 1705 by John Stevens, an immigrant from Oxfordshire, England. Stevens and his descendants, who owned the shop in Rhode Island, carved gravestones in cemeteries across the state. John Howard Benson bought the shop from the Stevens family in 1927.
The Bensons continued to carve gravestones, while John H. Benson also designed and carved inscriptions for university and other institutional buildings. He designed the inscription on the Iwo Jima Memorial in Arlington National Cemetery. After John H' death in 1956, ownership passed to his son, John E Benson.
John E designed and carved inscriptions on public and private buildings, national memorials, and the headstones of prominent Americans. In addition to working as a stone carver, he was also a calligrapher and sculptor. In 1993, he retired, maintaining co-ownership of the Shop, but leaving the creative direction to his son Nicholas.
Nicholas Benson studied type design and calligraphy in Basel, Switzerland with European masters. In 2007, he was granted a National Heritage Fellowship by the National Endowment for the Arts, and in 2010 he was a awarded a prestigious MacArthur Fellowship.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
John Stevens Shop
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1950-1979
1980-1999
2000-present
Description
An account of the resource
The John Stevens Shop is a stone carving workshop based in Rhode Island and currently co-owned by the father and son team of John E. and Nicholas Benson. They have been involved in the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/506">design and execution of lettering for inscriptions</a> for four memorials on the Mall. The Bensons designed and executed special typefaces, or lettering styles, for the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/27">Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial</a>, the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/61">World War II Memorial</a>, and the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/156">Martin Luther King Memorial</a>. Additionally, John Benson designed the lettering for the date stones in the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/63">Vietnam Veterans' Memorial</a>.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2011635591/">View original photograph</a>.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
John Stevens Shop
building the mall
design & monuments
-
https://mallhistory.org/files/original/0cde0dfa3391ad1d47be3fd720e2800c.jpg
3aaf23bc39ca7df141fd0181e2c0dc07
People
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
First Name
for nav purposes
Daniel
Last Name
for nav purposes
French
Birth Date
4/20/1850
Birthplace
Exeter, New Hampshire
Death Date
10/7/1931
Occupation
Artist
Biographical Text
Daniel Chester French was born in Essex, New Hampshire. French’s father, Henry Flagg French, was a lawyer, judge, and federal official. In 1867, when French was 17, the family moved to Concord, Massachusetts, where they were neighbors with influential artists and authors, such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Louisa May Alcott. Although he had little formal training as a young man, French was able to study with a number of accomplished artists, both in the United States and in Europe. <br /><br />French’s first major commission was a statue for the city of Concord to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Battle of Lexington and Concord. The statue, titled 'Minute Man,' was well received, and became so famous that it was featured on war bonds during World War I. After living for two years in Italy, French moved to Washington, DC in 1876 and set up a studio near the Capitol. In 1890, he returned to Europe again to study with <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/146">Augustus Saint-Gaudens</a> in Paris. On his return, he and his wife, Mary Adams French, moved to New York City, where he lived for the rest of his life. <br /><br />In 1914, French was selected by the Lincoln Memorial Committee to create the sculpture of Lincoln for a memorial on the National Mall. French resigned as chairman of the Fine Arts Commission, which would be involved in reviewing any design choices for the monument, in order to accept the commission.<br /><br />Mary and Daniel French purchased a summer house in Stockbridge, Massachusetts in 1896. Daniel died there in 1931 at the age of 81.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Daniel Chester French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2004671901/">View original.</a>
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1890-1919
1920-1949
Description
An account of the resource
French was a sculptor whose best-known work in Washington, DC, is the statue of President Abraham Lincoln inside the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/33">Lincoln Memorial.</a> He also sculpted the statue of Victory which tops the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/129">First Division Monument </a>in President’s Park. From 1910-1915, French served as one of the first members of the US Commission for Fine Arts, which reviews new construction in Washington for design and aesthetics. This commission carried on the work of the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/179">Senate Park Commission</a> who designed the Mall. One of French’s good friends and mentor, <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/146">Augustus Saint-Gaudens,</a> was a member of that Commission.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Daniel Chester French
arts & culture
building the mall
design & monuments
-
https://mallhistory.org/files/original/96a0423be8582a54f8da0d2ec1872944.jpg
532fb278e2bd4b65d6efde1e0bd0952c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Photograph Archives Catalog, Smithsonian American Art Museum. http://siris-juleyphoto.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&profile=all&source=~!sijuleyphotos&uri=full=3100001~!21708~!0#focus
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
J0021707
People
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
03/01/1843
Birthplace
Dublin, Ireland
Death Date
08/03/1907
Occupation
Artist
Biographical Text
<p>Augustus Saint-Gaudens was born in Dublin, Ireland in 1848. Later that same year, he and his family emigrated to America and settled in New York City. Saint-Gaudens left public school at age 13 to learn the trade of cutting cameos. Cameos are small relief-carved objects which were a popular form of jewelry in the 1800s. From age 13 to 19, Saint-Gaudens worked for cameo-cutters while taking art classes in the evening at the Cooper Institute in New York.</p>
<p>He left the United States for Paris in 1867 to visit the International Exposition and to attend the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, a well-known and influential art school, where he was accepted as a student of sculptor Francois Jouffroy. When the Franco-Prussian War began in 1870, Saint-Gaudens moved to Rome, where he created and sold copies of classical sculptures to tourists. He received his first original sculpture commission in 1874 for a statue at the Masonic Lodge in New York City. In Rome, he met and fell in love with Augusta Fisher Homer.</p>
<p>Saint-Gaudens returned to New York in 1875 in search of long-term work. He won the commission to design and build a monument to US Navy Admiral David Farragut. Shortly after signing the contract, Saint-Gaudens and Homer married and immediately returned to Europe. They lived abroad during the five years he spent building the <em>Farragut</em> monument.</p>
<p>By 1881, the <em>Farragut monument</em> was installed and Saint Gaudens and his wife returned to live in New York. His piece was well received and led to many more commissions, including <em>The Standing Lincoln</em> in Lincoln Park in Chicago and the <em>Shaw Memorial</em> on the Boston Common. He also created a statue of <em>Diana</em> which stood on top of Madison Square Garden for decades, and is now on display at the Philadelphia Museum of Art. He received a diagnosis of terminal cancer in 1900, and he continued to work until his death seven years later. It was during these last years of his life when he joined the Senate Park Commission to share his expertise that shaped the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/350">plans for a new design</a> of the National Mall.</p>
First Name
for nav purposes
Augustus
Last Name
for nav purposes
Saint-Gaudens
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Augustus Saint-Gaudens
Description
An account of the resource
<p class="p1">A prominent sculptor of memorials and monuments since the 1880s, Saint-Gaudens was a member of the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/179">Senate Park Commission</a>. Formed in 1901, this commission was charged with <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/206">developing the National Mall</a> and other areas of Washington, DC. Saint-Gaudens not only created sculptures but designed the landscape around them to enhance their beauty. He brought his experience and ideas to the National Mall, incorporating landscape designs to frame the statues, monuments, and memorials of the Mall.</p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Photograph Archives, Smithsonian American Art Museum. <a href="http://siris-juleyphoto.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&profile=all&source=~!sijuleyphotos&uri=full=3100001~!21708~!0#focus">View original</a>.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1890-1919
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Augustus Saint-Gaudens
design & monuments
-
https://mallhistory.org/files/original/93a050156abb3393c5760260511a0397.jpg
fa98689ff5df90fc3a2575b5deed026b
Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Width
679
Height
800
Bit Depth
8
Channels
3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rembrandt Peale
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
National Portrait Gallery
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
The Athenaeum (website)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1829
People
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
09/06/1805
Birthplace
Boston, Massachusetts
Death Date
12/18/1852
Occupation
Artist
Biographical Text
<p>Greenough was born into a wealthy family in Boston, Massachusetts. In addition to attending private schools, he studied art informally with local artists and artisans, focusing on woodcarving and sculpture. He attended Harvard, where he studied classics, philosophy, anatomy, Italian, and French. After graduation, he travelled to Rome, where he stayed for two years, creating and studying art at the French Academy there.</p>
<p>In 1827, he returned to Boston. He spent a year there creating head and shoulders sculptural portraits of prominent locals, including President John Quincy Adams. He moved to Florence, Italy, in 1828, and would remain there for most of his life. He studied with Italian sculptors who based their works on Renaissance sculpture; while this style was popular in Europe it was less well received by the American public.</p>
<p>In 1832, he was commissioned by the United States Congress to create a statue of Washington for the Capitol. Greenough modeled his Washington after a statue of Zeus, dressing the American general and president in a toga. Greenough's <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/17">statue of Washington</a> arrived in Washington in 1842 and was immediately subject to criticism. Other sculptures executed by Greenough for Congress, such as <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/18">the Rescue</a>, were also disliked by the public and members of Congress. Nonetheless, he was well received by other artists, and was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1843.</p>
<p>Greenough married Louisa Gore, also from Boston, in 1837. They had one child, a son. In 1851, the family left Italy due to an increasingly volatile political situation, returning to Boston. Greenough died the following year after a lingering illness.</p>
First Name
for nav purposes
Horatio
Last Name
for nav purposes
Greenough
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Horatio Greenough
Description
An account of the resource
<p class="p1">Horatio Greenough is best known in Washington, DC, for his controversial sculptures titled "<a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/17">George Washington</a>" and "<a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/18">The Rescue</a>," which stood for a time inside the US Capitol building. Both were commissioned from Greenough by Congress, making him one of the first American sculptors to receive a major commission from the federal government. He created both sculptures at his studio in Florence, Italy. </p>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
The Athenaeum, from the collection of the National Portrait Gallery. <a href="http://www.the-athenaeum.org/art/full.php?ID=20338">View original image</a>.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1830-1859
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Horatio Greenough
design & monuments
-
https://mallhistory.org/files/original/9bd20e185c8e7c35cf656819dfc3ef5f.jpg
8ab4beafe163d36fa72691bea5a2692f
Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Width
607
Height
800
Bit Depth
8
Channels
3
IPTC String
caption:Scan from color transparency
credit:Smithsonian American Art Museum
source:Smithsonian American Art Museum
object_name:1957.13.17.tif
copyright_notice:This image was obtained from the Smithsonian American Art Museum. The image or its contents may be protected by international co
IPTC Array
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Smithsonian American Art Museum
People
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1/14/1857
Birthplace
Cincinnati, Ohio
Death Date
10/12/1931
Occupation
Patron of the Arts
Artist
Biographical Text
Alice Pike was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, the daughter of a successful businessman and a patron of the arts. Her family moved to New York City when she was 11 years old. In 1876, she married Albert Clifford Barney, with whom she had two daughters. Alice and Albert moved to Washington, DC. Albert died in 1902, and Alice remarried in 1911, becoming Mrs. Christian Hemmick. The couple divorced in 1920 and Alice returned to the last name Barney. <br /><br />Barney was an artist, working mainly in oils and pastels. She studied a few times in Paris, and studied with James Whistler. The Smithsonian American Art Museum has a number of her works. <br /><br />In the 1910s, Barney turned her attention to supporting the arts, particularly in Washington, DC. She funded a number of performance, exhibition, and studio spaces, some in working-class neighborhoods. Her most enduring legacy is the National Sylvan Theatre, an outdoor theatre located near the Washington Monument. Although the theatre is federally operated and funded, Barney provided the money for its construction and was involved in the first few seasons. <br /><br />Barney retired to California in 1923. Her love of arts was life-long; she died in Hollywood in 1931 while attending a concert.
First Name
for nav purposes
Alice
Last Name
for nav purposes
Barney
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Alice Pike Barney
Description
An account of the resource
Alice Pike Barney successfully lobbied Congress to create a federally-funded outdoor theater on the National Mall near the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/36">Washington Monument</a>. Barney, a painter, wanted to encourage enjoyment of the arts in Washington, DC. She provided the funding to construct the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/3">National Sylvan Theater</a> and served as its first resident playwright.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1890-1919
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Smithsonian American Art Museum. <a href="http://americanart.si.edu/collections/search/artist/?id=247">View original image</a>.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Alice Pike Barney
arts & culture
building the mall
work & play
-
https://mallhistory.org/files/original/3bb9863bedea33067c7dea26cc0a42c4.jpg
71e05f735c0bfbabd6b4505ed4eaa315
People
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1939
Birthplace
Lubbock, Texas
Occupation
Artist
Biographical Text
A native of Texas, Goodacre is a sculptor who specializes in bronzes. Some of her more well known works include the Vietnam Women's Memorial on the National Mall and the Irish Memorial in Philadelphia. After winning a national contest, Goodacre was selected to design the Sacagawea dollar which entered circulation in 2000.
First Name
for nav purposes
Glenna
Last Name
for nav purposes
Goodacre
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Glenna Goodacre
Description
An account of the resource
<p class="p1">Glenna Goodacre is the designer and sculptor of the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/65">Vietnam Women's Memorial,</a> dedicated in November 1993. Goodacre wanted the memorial's figures to show despair, dedication, and hope of the nurses and servicewomen serving in Vietnam.</p>
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1980-1999
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Photograph courtesy of Goodacre Studio.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Glenna Goodacre
design & monuments